Newcomers to the world of electronics may feel unsure about the various roles that individual electronics components play in an overall system. Much like in the game of chess, there are many individual pieces, each with its own set of rules, advantages and disadvantages in achieving the overall successful "win" of a fully-functioning electronics device. Distinguishing between these many different components can be frustrating for a newcomer. By learning the individual roles of these building blocks, though, a person can design and create any number of complex electronics devices.

Learning the Electronics Game Board

Before learning the features of individual components like capacitors or diodes, it is important to understand the role of the printed circuit board (PCB). If capacitors and diodes are like chess pieces, then the circuit board is like the game board on which the action unfolds. Without the PCB, there would be no field of play--no pathways on which the individual pieces would travel.

In fact, the chess analogy is only partially accurate. The PCB serves as even more than a field on which to place the components; it also actively contributes to the flow of current in a system. PCBs are printed, which means that they have a map of current flow embedded onto their surface. When you look at a PCB, you may see tiny roadways of metal. These are conductive (often copper) pathways which transfer current from one component to the next.

A good PCB will have other elements that facilitate the construction of a sturdy circuit, including holes, solder pads and labels. Proper-sized holes enable the easy placement of components' prongs and teeth. Well-formed solder pads provide for simpler soldering capabilities and sturdier connections of components. Ample labeling serves as a road map for future navigators of the circuit board, and provides a legend describing the role and identity of each component.